Pakistan has recorded a sharp increase in pine nut exports to China between 2023 and 2025, driven by rising demand for premium agricultural products.
China Becomes Key Export Market
Meanwhile, China has emerged as the most important overseas market for Pakistani chilgoza (pine nuts). As a result, around 80–90% of total exports are now directed toward the Chinese market.
Export Volumes Nearly Double
According to trade data, export volumes increased from 579.8 tons in 2023 to 1,147 tons in 2025. In addition, export earnings peaked at $18.8 million in 2024 before slightly declining to $17.9 million in 2025.
Rising Consumer Demand in China
Moreover, Chinese consumers are increasingly favoring Pakistani pine nuts due to their texture, flavor, and quality. Consequently, demand for chilgoza has strengthened in China’s premium snack market.
Production Concentrated in Northern Pakistan
Pakistan’s pine nut production is largely concentrated in North and South Waziristan, along with parts of Balochistan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, and Gilgit-Baltistan. In particular, these regions account for the majority of national output.
Opportunities and Industry Challenges
However, despite rising exports, the sector still faces challenges such as limited processing facilities and weak packaging systems. Therefore, experts suggest that investment in value addition and cold-chain logistics could significantly improve export earnings.
Future Growth Potential
Furthermore, analysts believe stronger China–Pakistan cooperation in agricultural processing could help Pakistan shift from raw exports to higher-value branded products. As a result, the sector holds strong long-term growth potential.
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